formal system

formal system
(or theory) A theory whose sentences are well-formed formulae of a logical calculus, and in which axioms or rules governing particular terms correspond to the principles of the theory being formalized. The theory is said to be couched or framed in the language of a calculus, e.g. first-order predicate calculus . Set theory, mathematics, mechanics, and many other sciences may be developed formally, thereby making possible logical analysis of such matters as the independence of various axioms, and the relations between one theory and another.

Philosophy dictionary. . 2011.

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  • Formal system — In formal logic, a formal system (also called a logical system,Audi, Robert (Editor). The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy . Second edition, Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN 978 0521631365 (hardcover) and ISBN 978 0521637220 (paperback).] …   Wikipedia

  • formal system — In logic, a formal language together with a deductive apparatus by which some well formed formulas can be derived from others. Each formal system has a formal language composed of primitive symbols that figure in certain rules of formation… …   Universalium

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  • formal systems — formal system …   Philosophy dictionary

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  • formal logic — the branch of logic concerned exclusively with the principles of deductive reasoning and with the form rather than the content of propositions. [1855 60] * * * Introduction       the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used …   Universalium

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  • Formal language — A formal language is a set of words , i.e. finite strings of letters , or symbols . The inventory from which these letters are taken is called the alphabet over which the language is defined. A formal language is often defined by means of a… …   Wikipedia

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