analogy

analogy
A respect in which one thing is similar to another. The analogical extension of terms is the way in which a term covers similar things: people, bottles, and rivers have mouths. Shops, boxes, verdicts, ports, strings of a violin, questions, roads, and books may all be open, but in analogical senses. Analogy butts upon literal meaning, but also upon metaphor, and thus forms a perplexing phenomenon in the philosophy of language (see also rule-following ). Arguing by analogy is arguing that since things are alike in some ways, they will probably be alike in others. Its famous uses in philosophy include the argument to design and the argument by analogy to the existence of other minds : if you behave like me, and I have such and such mental states when I so behave, then by analogy you probably do so too. But: ‘How can I generalize the one case so irresponsibly?’ ( Wittgenstein ). In medieval philosophy an important question was whether we can make statements about God only by analogy. See also Cajetan, metaphor, models (<

Philosophy dictionary. . 2011.

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  • Analogy — is both the cognitive process of transferring information from a particular subject (the analogue or source) to another particular subject (the target), and a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is… …   Wikipedia

  • Analogy — • A philosophical term used to designate, first, a property of things; secondly, a process of reasoning Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Analogy     Analogy      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • analogy — 1 *likeness, similitude, resemblance, similarity, affinity 2 Analogy, simile, metaphor designate a comparison between things essentially or generically different but strikingly alike in one or more pertinent aspects. Analogy is the general term… …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • analogy — 1. In language analogy is the process by which the use of words follows precedents set by other words without going through all the stages that produced those precedents. This is a fundamental aspect of the way languages develop, and applies to… …   Modern English usage

  • Analogy — A*nal o*gy, n.; pl. {Analogies}. [L. analogia, Gr. ?, fr. ?: cf. F. analogie. See {Analogous}.] 1. A resemblance of relations; an agreement or likeness between things in some circumstances or effects, when the things are otherwise entirely… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • analogy — I noun affinity, agreement, close relation, close resemblance, common feature, comparability, comparison, congruity, correlation, correspondence, equivalence, homology, like quality, likeness, logical relation, parallel relation, parallelism,… …   Law dictionary

  • analogy — [ə nal′ə jē] n. pl. analogies [ME & OFr analogie < L analogia < Gr, proportion < analogos, in due ratio < ana , according to + logos, word, reckoning: see LOGIC] 1. similarity in some respects between things otherwise unlike; partial… …   English World dictionary

  • analogy — analogy. См. аналогия. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • analogy — (n.) 1540s (perhaps early 15c.), from O.Fr. analogie or directly from L. analogia, from Gk. analogia proportion, from ana upon, according to (see ANA (Cf. ana )) + logos ratio, also word, speech, reckoning (see LOGOS (Cf. logos)). A mathematical… …   Etymology dictionary

  • analogy — [n] agreement, similarity affinity, alikeness, comparison, correlation, correspondence, equivalence, homology, likeness, metaphor, parallel, relation, relationship, resemblance, semblance, simile, similitude; concepts 278,670 Ant. disagreement,… …   New thesaurus

  • analogy — ► NOUN (pl. analogies) 1) a comparison between one thing and another made to explain or clarify. 2) a correspondence or partial similarity. DERIVATIVES analogical adjective …   English terms dictionary

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